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Prescripción de la Acción Penal Costa Rica

Código Procesal Penal

ARTICULO 31.- Plazos de prescripción de la acción penal. Si no se ha iniciado la persecución penal, la acción prescribirá:

a) Después de transcurrido un plazo igual al máximo de la pena, en los delitos sancionables con prisión, no podrá exceder de diez años ni ser inferior a tres, excepto en los delitos cometidos contra personas menores de edad, en los cuales la prescripción empezará a correr a partir de que la víctima haya cumplido la mayoría de edad.

(Así reformado el inciso anterior por el artículo 1° de la ley N° 9057 del 23 de julio de 2012, «Reforma de varias leyes sobre la Prescripción de Daños causados a Personas Menores de Edad»)

 

b) A los dos años, en los delitos sancionables solo con penas no privativas de libertad y en las faltas o contravenciones, excepto en los delitos cometidos por personas jurídicas, en los cuales la prescripción será de diez años.

(Así reformado el inciso anterior por el artículo 41 de la ley sobre la Responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas sobre cohechos domésticos, soborno transnacional y otros delitos, N° 9699 del 10 de junio del 2019)

c) Veinticinco años después de que la víctima cumplió la mayoría de edad, cuando se trate de delitos sexuales cometidos contra personas menores de edad y a los veinticinco años desde la consumación del hecho punible, del último acto de ejecución de la tentativa o del cese del delito continuo, según corresponda, cuando estos delitos sean cometidos contra personas mayores de edad sin capacidad volitiva o cognoscitiva. La regla anterior aplicará indistintamente para todo autor, cómplice o partícipe responsable del respectivo hecho punible, siempre que al momento de delinquir hayan adquirido la mayoridad.

(Así adicionado el inciso anterior por el artículo único de la ley N° 9685 del 21 de mayo de 2019, «Ley de Derecho al Tiempo, reforma Código Penal para ampliar el plazo de prescripción de la acción penal en casos de delitos sexuales contra personas menores de edad o sin capacidad volitiva o cognoscitiva»)

(Así reformado el inciso anterior por el artículo único de la ley N° 9826 del 10 de marzo del 2020)

 

Ficha articulo

 

ARTICULO 32.- Cómputo de la prescripción

 

Los plazos de prescripción se regirán por la pena principal prevista en la ley y comenzarán a correr, para las infracciones consumadas, desde el día de la consumación; para las tentativas, desde el día en que se efectuó el último acto de ejecución y, para los delitos continuos o permanentes, desde el día en que cesó su permanencia.

 

La prescripción correrá, se suspenderá o se interrumpirá, en forma individual, para cada uno de los sujetos que intervinieron en el delito. En el caso de juzgamiento conjunto de varios delitos, las acciones penales respectivas que de ellos resulten prescribirán separadamente en el término señalado a cada uno.

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